Innate Tolerance in the CNS: Translational Neuroprotection by Pre- and Post-Conditioning free ebook download.

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Innate Tolerance in the CNS: Translational Neuroprotection by Pre- and Post-Conditioning free ebook download

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Medicine

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Catalogue

Author(s):	Jeffrey M. Gidday, Miguel A. Perez-Pinzon, John H. Zhang

Date:	2012-09-21	Format:	pdf	Language:	English	ISBN/ASIN:	144199694X
Pages:	699	OCR:		Quality:		ISBN13:
Uploader:	maveriks	Upload Date:	9/23/2019 11:38:08 AM

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Cerebral preconditioning is a phenomenon wherein a mild insult or stress induces cellular and tissue adaptation or tolerance to a later, severe injury, therefore reflecting the efficacy of endogenous mechanisms of cerebrovascular protection. Initially identified for rapid cardiac protection, preconditioning has expanded to all aspects of CNS protection from ischemia, trauma and potentially neurodegeneration. Many different stimuli or stressors have been identified as preconditioning agents, suggesting a downstream convergence of mechanisms and underscoring the potential for translational application of preconditioning in the clinic. Moreover, the fundamental mechanisms responsible for preconditioning-induced tolerance will help in the design novel pharmacological approaches for neuroprotection. While stroke and many other brain injuries are not predictable, in some populations (e.g., metabolic syndrome, patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy, aneurysm clipping, or with recent TIAs) the risk for stroke is identifiable and significant, and preconditioning may represent a useful strategy for neuroprotection. For unpredictable injuries, post-conditioning the brain  or inducing endogenous protective mechanisms after the initial injury  can also abrogate the extent of injury. Finally, remote pre- and post-conditioning methods have been developed in animals, and are now being tested in clinical trials, wherein a brief, noninjurious stress to a noncerebral tissue (i.e., skeletal muscle) can provide protection to the CNS and thereby allows clinicians the opportunity to circumvent concerns regarding the direct preconditioning of neurological tissues.

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2592264	Book	https://nitroflare.com/view/5594C655F25B...		8.92	maveriks

Tags: Innate Neuroprotection Pre- Tolerance Translational

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