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Description of  Ray Optics: Physics of Light (Learn Physics Book 31)

Real and Virtual Images If light rays, after reflection or refraction, actually meets at a point then real image is formed and if they appears to meet virtual image is formed. Reflection of Light When a ray of light after incidenting on a boundary separating two media comes back into the same media, then this phenomenon, is called reflection of light. (1) i = r (2) After reflection, velocity, wave length and frequency of light remains same but intensity decreases. (3) There is a phase change of if reflection takes place from denser medium. Reflection From a Plane Surface (Plane Mirror) The image formed by a plane mirror is virtual, erect, laterally inverted, equal in size that of the object and at a distance equal to the distance of the object in front of the mirror. (1) Deviation () : Deviation produced by a plane mirror and by two inclined plane mirrors. (2) Images by two inclined plane mirrors : When two plane mirrors are inclined to each other at an angle , then number of images (n) formed of an object which is kept between them. (i) If even integer (ii) If odd integer then there are two possibilities