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Description of  Diseases Infectious and Parasitic (FRESH MAN)

Notwithstanding the success achieved in the control of the aforementioned diseases, some communicable diseases show a picture of persistence, or reduction, in a very recent period. In this group of diseases, we highlight tuberculosis and viral hepatitis, especially hepatitis B and C, due to the high prevalence, the wide distribution geographically, and the potential evolution for ways serious that can lead to death. However, they can only be highlighted results favorable than have been achieved in reducing mortality from tuberculosis, with the availability of treatment specific to high effectiveness. The universal implementation of vaccination against hepatitis B, including for adolescents, in the late 1990s, should also produce, in the medium term, positive impacts on the prevention of chronic forms of the disease. Leptospirosis assumes relevance for Public Health, due to the large number of cases that occur in the rainiest months, as well as its high lethality, even though its geographic distribution is more restricted to areas that offer adequate environmental conditions for transmission. Meningitis, in turn, is also part of this group of diseases, especially infections caused by meningococci B and C, which present important levels of transmission and average lethality rates above 10%. It has been observed a significant reduction in the occurrence of meningitis caused by H. influence type B, possibly as a result of the vaccination of less than a year, the starting of 1999. Also in this group are leishmaniasis (visceral and integumentary) and schistosomiasis, for which, in addition to the maintenance of high prevalence , an expansion in the area of occurrence has been observed, in general associated with environmental changes caused by man, to de- - locamentos population originated from areas endemic and the insufficient infrastructure in the water and sewage network or the availability of other forms of access to these services.